A Novel Approach for Automatic Switching of Power System using IoT Based Renewable Energy Sources

Abstract

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources into modern power systems presents both opportunities and challenges, particularly in terms of reliability, efficiency, and real-time energy management. This paper proposes a novel IoT-based architecture for the automatic switching of power sources, leveraging cloud-derived weather data to optimize the distribution of renewable energy without relying on physical weather sensors. The system employs a microcontroller-based energy management unit that dynamically allocates power between critical and non-critical loads based on real-time environmental conditions and generation capacity. By prioritizing essential loads during periods of low renewable availability and redirecting surplus energy to secondary loads when conditions permit, the proposed framework enhances overall system resilience, reduces energy waste, and improves load balancing. The use of IoT technology not only simplifies the hardware architecture but also enables scalable and remote energy control, making it suitable for smart grid and off-grid applications alike. Experimental validation demonstrates the system's effectiveness in real-time energy optimization and its potential to contribute to sustainable and autonomous energy infrastructure.