A Model for Promoting Morality using Mindfulness-Based Activities in Educational Institutions under the Primary Educational Service Area Office

Abstract

The objectives of this research were 1) to study the needs of promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities in educational institutions under the Primary Educational Service Area Office, 2) to develop a model for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities, 3) to test the model for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities, and 4) to evaluate a model for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities in educational institutions. Multiphase mixed methods research was designed which divided into 4 phases. Phase 1: studied the needs of promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities by surveying a sample of 290 people with a questionnaire. Analyzed with descriptive statistics and needs index values. Phase 2: developed a model for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities by conducting in-depth interviews using interviews with 18 key informants, data were analyzed by analytic induction. Phase 3: tested the model for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities with students in the target group of educational institutions under the Prachinburi Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 1, and focus group discussion with a target group of 9 experts and use content analysis to confirm the model, and Phase 4 evaluated the model for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities by validating for content validity index (CVI). The research results found that: 1. The results of the study of the needs of promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities in educational institutions under the Primary Educational Service Area Office found that the ordering the PNI_modified values ​​of the sample were between 0.17 – 0.21.  The aspect that has necessary needs is the aspect of knowing how to restrain oneself (PNI_modified = 0.21). It can be interpreted that the rate of developmental change from the actual state to the supposed state has a value of 21 percent, followed by gratitude, patience, and honesty and sacrifice, respectively. It showed that educational institutions need to promote morality by using mindfulness-based activities to develop self-control in areas higher than other aspects. 2. The model for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities in educational institutions under the Primary Educational Service Area Office that was developed and consisted of 1) an introduction, 2) a model, 3) implementation steps, and 4) conditions for success. It focuses on operations to develop and promote morality by using mindfulness-based activities in educational institutions under the Primary Educational Service Area Office and transmitting it to the learning development process of students. 3. Results of testing a model using for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities in an educational institution the Primary Educational Service Area Office From organizing workshop activities, learning occurs according to the format developed with 4 activities. These include 1) Activities that lead to learning the Buddhist way, 2) Activities that cultivate morality through an active learning process, 3) Activities that enhance morality leading to a creative learning process, and 4) Activities for reflection from the classroom that leads to application. 4. Results of the evaluation of the model for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities in educational institutions the Primary Educational Service Area Office by validating content validity index (Content Validity Index: CVI) in 3 aspects: 1) composition of the model, 2) Guidelines for using the model in educational institutions, 3) Measuring and evaluating the success of the process. It was found that the content validity index of each assessment item of the model was equal to 1.00 and the content validity index of the entire model was equal to 1.00, and the overall of content validity index of the model was equal to 1.00, meaning that the model for promoting morality using mindfulness-based activities in educational institutions that was developed was appropriate, accurate, possible to practice, and can be utilized. In conclusion, the creative innovation model was the M²PS Model of promoting morality through mindfulness-based activities.