A Review on RCCI Engine Performance Using Hydrogen and Alcohol as Alternative Fuels: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Prospects

Abstract

This review paper captures a detailed overview of an experimental study of a diesel engine performance characteristics in a combination with the Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) technology when employing different fuel blends. It examines the scientific principles behind the RCCI combustion and the suitability of the technique for improving the efficiency of an engine while eliminating harmful emissions in the presence of high-reactivity and low-reactivity fuels. Particular attention is given to the application of hydrogen and alcohol-fueled fuels in the RCCI diesel engines, testing their effect on the major performance parameters like the brake thermal efficiency, combustion mode, and exhaust emissions.

The review explores the experimental setup, e.g., fuel injection strategies, fuel premixing proportions, and engine modes of operation, to provide a detailed overview of how these parameters affect combustion behaviour and dynamics. The results show that hydrogen and alcohol utilization in RCCI engines significantly improves fuel-air mixing, leading to improved combustion efficiency and reduction of NOx and particulate emissions. The study, however, also refers to some limitations, e.g., the potential for knocking, combustion stability, and need for precise fuel injection timing control and premixing strategies.

The paper also outlines possible future advancements to improve RCCI technology with more advanced control systems, new fuel blends, and improved-engineered engine designs. The limitation and challenge with the use of hydrogen and alcohol in RCCI diesel engines is elaborated, along with recommendations on research directions in the future. From the findings, it is evident that RCCI combustion using such alternative fuels holds tremendous potential towards powering cleaner and more efficient internal combustion engines, aiding global efforts in emission reduction and enhancing sustainability in the transport industry. This paper provides tremendous insight for researchers and industry professionals dedicated to advancing alternative fuel use with modern engine technology.