Insight into Adsorption Mechanism, Optimization and Modeling of Cationic Methylene Blue Dye Using a Chitosan/Analcime Clay Composite: Box-Behnken Design Application
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Abstract
The facile synthesis of modificated chitosan/ Analcime clay (CTS/Ana) composite was performed by two subsequent steps involving modification of chitosan (CTS) with an inorganic clay (Analcime, Ana) from El Menia (El-Golea), Algeria. The applicability of the CTS/Ana composite for reduction of methylene blue dye (MB) from aquatic system was investigated. SEM and FTIR analyses were employed to identify the structural alterations in Ana clay matrix resulting from the incorporation of CTS and the adsorption of MB. The main key factors that influences the MB dye such as Ana loading 0–50% (A), CTS/Ana dose 0.02–0.1 g (B), solution pH 4–10 (C), temperature 30–60 °C (D), and contact time 5–45 min (E) were optimized by using Box–Behnken design (BBD). The highest MB dye removal (99.08 %) were observed at the following significant interactions: AB, AC, AD, BE, CE, and DE, under optimal conditions (A: 25%, B: 0.1 g, C: 10, D: 45 °C, and E: 25 min). The optimal adsorption capacity of 129.87 mg/g was attained for CTS/Ana composite at 45 °C under these settings. The Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models demonstrated efficacy for isotherms and kinetics, respectively. This work highlights that CTS/Ana composite offers great potential as a low-cost and effective biocomposite material for the organic dyes removal from water/ wastewater.