Evaluation of Web Accessibility of Higher Education Institutions in Region III Philippines Using Automated Tools

Abstract

An essential component of attaining full educational inclusion is web accessibility. It is essential to the current trend of creating online knowledge and learning.  In response to the need for inclusive and equitable quality education and promotion of lifelong learning, this study evaluates the accessibility of websites across several Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) using the WAVE tool and the IBM Equal Accessibility Checker, with both tools adhering to WCAG 2.2 guidelines. The analysis identified key accessibility issues, including prevalent errors such as "linked image missing alternative text," "missing form label," and "missing alternative text." These issues significantly impact users, particularly those reliant on keyboard and screen reader technologies. Additionally, the evaluation revealed systemic problems across HEIs, such as inadequate text contrast, unlabelled images, redundant link texts, and misconfigured form elements. Disparities in compliance were noted, with some institutions demonstrating higher violation rates and others showing fewer issues but requiring ongoing improvements. The findings underscore the urgent need for tailored interventions to enhance web accessibility, ensuring that educational resources are inclusive and accessible to all users.