Mixed Convection Nanofluid Flow Past An Exponential Permeability Plate With Radiation Effect

Abstract

This study examines the characteristics of the boundary layer and mixed convection phenomena in the flow of nanofluids across a vertical flat plate. Specifically, it focuses on nanofluids consisting of copper (Cu) particles dispersed in water and investigates how different fluid variables, such as porosity and permeability, affect the flow’s behaviour. This work utilizes a shooting method to solve the governing nonlinear differential equations. Similarity transformations convert the partial differential equations into higher-order ordinary differential equations. The fluctuations in fluid properties have a notable impact on heat transmission and flow characteristics, making this research relevant for improving the efficiency of thermal systems. The study gives useful insights for combining mixed convection and nanofluids to improve heating and cooling operations in various technical fields. The numerical findings demonstrate how changing porosity, permeability, and nanoparticle concentration affect the velocity and temperature profiles inside the boundary layer. The results highlight the need to consider the varying properties of fluids when building and analyzing thermal management systems based on nanofluids.