An SIQVR Mathematical Model on COVID-19 with Virus Population in the Environment: A Case Study of India

Abstract

In the proposed SIQVR model, we examine the impact of vaccination and lockdown on COVID-19. Beginning with the outbreak in Wuhan in December 2019, India's nationwide lockdown on March 24, 2020, and vaccination campaign starting January 16, 2021, are analyzed. Using a five-dimensional mathematical model with nonlinear differential equations, our study reveals that complete eradication of the virus is possible only with total lockdown and universal vaccination. Without these measures, the virus will persist. Effective management includes contact tracing, quarantine, accelerating vaccination and targeted lockdowns.