Performance Evaluation of Multiple Objective Functions for Parent Selection in Routing Protocol for Low Power Lossy Networks

Abstract

IoT supports a variety of uses, each one of which has its own unique needs. For instance, the basic monitoring programs may accept delays in some data transfer but, mission-critical systems cannot. The metric or constraint (ETX, Energy, etc.) chosen for the routing method, data amount, and necessary quality of service determine the lifespan and efficiency of IoT sensor networks. The RPL routing protocol for low power and lossy networks uses the objective function (OF) to build a Destination Oriented Directed Acyclic Graph (DODAG) based on a set of metrics and constraints. The OF has as the main function to select and specify the best parent or the optimal path to reach the destination. However, proposing an adequate OF in Low Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) presents a substantial challenge. Modern methods, however, primarily concentrate on a single measure or restriction, which leads to the protocol performing poorly. A thorough analysis of RPL across critical performance parameters is required to comprehend the protocol behavior for various metrics (single and combined). Researchers have put forward a number of application-specific routing algorithms that do not provide a standard parent selection procedure. In order to improve performance in all ways, a variety of RPL optimizations- have been developed that combine the various routing metrics. This paper gives the comparative analysis of existing Objective Functions that are based on different routing metrics and concludes that various OFs used in our research work. Performance evaluation parameters have been extended to PDR, power consumption, hop count, throughput, overhead, energy exhaustion and packet loss for different network size and link quality. Results are obtained using NS-3 simulator.