Traffic Capacity Analysis on Multi-Lane Highways in India: A Review

Abstract

Rapid urbanization in India has led to exponential growth in traffic volumes on arterial roads resulting in reduced speeds, increased congestion and longer delays. Insufficient capacity on multi-lane highways is a key concern for transportation agencies. This paper reviews research on traffic capacity analysis for Indian highway conditions. The methodologies, primary influencing factors and capacity optimization measures are synthesized. Both simulation-based and empirical techniques have been applied for studying capacity. Key parameters affecting capacity include number of lanes, lane width, shoulder condition, heavy vehicle presence, driver behavior and roadway alignment. Part-time shoulder running, access control, lane management and freight traffic restrictions help improve capacity. However, limitations exist in terms of lack of adequate spatio-temporal traffic data, safety-emissions tradeoff analysis and evaluation of countermeasures. Further research on congested urban corridors using locally calibrated models is necessary for optimal capacity planning and traffic management.