Influence of Long-Term Use of Antihypertensive Drugs and the “Hypertension School” on the Development of the risk of Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with Arterial Hypertension

Abstract

Purpose of the study. To study the effectiveness of long-term antihypertensive therapy and the impact of the educational program "School of hypertension" on the incidence of cardiovascular complications in patients with AH (arterial hypertension) I-II degree in a polyclinic.

Material and research methods. The study included 610 patients with 1–2-degree AH. The duration of AH was 6,8±1,6 years. Of the 610 patients examined, 231 (37,9%) were patients with stage I AH (mean age of patients was 46,7 ± 7,0 years) and 379 (62,1%) with stage 2 AH (mean age 49,1 +6,92 years). Patients with grade 1 hypertension started taking 5 mg of enalapril per day as monotherapy (Enap, KRKA, Slovenia). Patients with grade 2 hypertension were divided into 2 groups based on risk stratification. Group 1 (medium risk) took 10 mg of enalapril per day, group 2 (medium and high risk) took a fixed combination - Enap HL.

Results and discussion of the obtained results. Analysis of the results of the study showed that after 4 weeks of taking enalapril, there was a decrease in blood pressure from 158,2±6,5/96,1±4,9 to 152,2±7,1/93,1±5,9 mm Hg. Art. (p<0,001), the target BP level was reached by 22% of patients. At the same time, in the group taking Enap HL, blood pressure decreased from 159,6 ± 6,4 / 97,5 ± 3,8 to 145,4 ± 8,7 / 92,4 ± 7,1 mm Hg. Art. (p<0.0001). With Enap HL therapy, 58% of patients reached the target level of blood pressure. After 24 weeks of observation, blood pressure in patients taking Enap was 13,6±9,3/83,1±6,8 mm Hg. Art. and 137,5±9,0/87,9±7,3 mm Hg. Art. in patients taking Enap HL (p<0,05).

Conclusion. The use of an integrated approach - training patients with hypertension according to the educational program "school-hypertension" along with taking antihypertensive drugs, timely detection and monitoring of groups of people with a high and very high total cardiovascular risk of death using the SСORE scale helps to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic measures for hypertension and CVD (cardiovascular diseases).