India- Nepal Relation in the Shadow of China: A Complex Triangle

Abstract

India-Nepal relationship is a blend of historical ties, geopolitical realities, and economic interdependencies. The India-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1950 forms the bedrock of the distinctive relation between the nations. However, this relationship has experienced instabilities due to various factors, including border disputes, economic dependencies, and changing political dynamics. In addition, the India-Nepal relationship has evolved due to China's growing influence in the Himalayan region. This has led to the changing equations with India, although not without tensions and complexities. The geographical proximity of India and Nepal along with China has influenced their interactions significantly. In such a dynamic scenario, India should adopt a comprehensive communication strategy and transparent approach to rebuild its 'special relationship' with Nepal