Exploring Nature's Arsenal: Natural Bioactive Compounds for Antiplatelet and Thrombolytic Activity

Abstract

Thrombotic events, which are primarily instigated by the activation and aggregation of platelets, can result in severe medical conditions. Given the widespread occurrence of thrombotic diseases, it is imperative to develop innovative antiplatelet medications that effectively prevent and treat arterial thrombosis while minimizing adverse side effects. Natural bioactives, sourced from a variety of origins, have a rich history of use in addressing human health issues. These bioactive compounds, extracted from natural sources, have been meticulously identified and refined through numerous pharmacological approaches, rendering them both clinically beneficial and safe for use. The inherent complementarity among natural bioactives positions them as promising candidates for inclusion in pharmacotherapy strategies. However, it is important to acknowledge that the functional efficacy of natural bioactives is not without its limitations. Therefore, conducting a comprehensive investigation into the intricate mechanisms governing the antiplatelet properties of natural bioactives and their capacity to counteract thrombotic events within platelet function is of paramount importance. This review aims to provide an in-depth exploration of our current understanding concerning the regulatory mechanisms by which natural bioactives influence antiplatelet activity. Additionally, it examines their potential as alternative therapeutic agents in the context of managing thrombotic diseases.