Optimizing Biodiesel Blend Performance with Nano Additives in Diesel Engines for Sustainable Environmental Impact

Abstract

Biodiesel, a sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum-based diesel, can be derived from various sources such as vegetable oils, animal fats, and recycled cooking oils. Its production and use have gained momentum due to its potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and diminish our reliance on fossil fuels. The combustion of fossil fuels contributes significantly to climate change and various forms of pollution. In India's agricultural sector, the production of biodiesel from non-edible plant oils has witnessed a surge in popularity. However, the current supply of these biodiesels falls short of meeting the growing demand for fossil fuels. To address this challenge, a novel biodiesel formulation using non-edible oils has been developed. This study aims to create an innovative biodiesel blend comprising 50% cottonseed biodiesel, 50% rapeseed biodiesel, and diesel with the addition of cerium oxide. The results obtained with CR20N50 indicate a substantial 15–18% reduction in fuel consumption, a notable 12–22% decrease in carbon monoxide emissions, and a significant 13–20% reduction in hydrocarbon emissions compared to conventional diesel fuel.