Development and Optimization of a Hybrid Fuzzy-PID Controller for Grid-Connected PV-Wind Renewable Energy Systems Using Grey Wolf Optimizer

Abstract

This study presents a hybrid Fuzzy-PID control strategy enhanced with the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) for improving the performance of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV)-wind renewable energy systems. The controller addresses critical challenges including maximum power point tracking (MPPT), DC-link voltage stabilization, and power quality maintenance under variable environmental conditions. By integrating the adaptability of fuzzy logic with the precision of PID control, the system effectively manages nonlinear dynamics and uncertainties inherent in hybrid renewable energy systems. Experimental results demonstrate that the GWO-optimized controller achieves 30–50% higher MPPT efficiency, 25–40% better voltage regulation, and 35–45% reduction in power fluctuations compared to conventional PID controllers. The proposed method offers a robust and efficient control solution for reliable grid integration of renewable energy sources, contributing to sustainable energy transition and improved system reliability.