Meandered PIFA Antenna with DGS for Smart Phones

Abstract

We address the challenge of integrating low frequency and high frequency components into a compact design. We present a Meander Line Feed PIFA enhanced with a DGS that operates at multiple frequencies. The antenna structure adheres to pre-approved guidelines, utilizing annealed copper for the ground plane, FR-4 (lossy) with a loss tangent of 0.02 for the substrate, and copper (lossy) for the patch. The meander line feeding technique is employed to minimize the antenna size, while the ground plane features a fractal pattern introduced by the DGS process. The designed antenna is to operate at the frequency of 1.724 Giga Hz, 2.413 Giga Hz, as well as 4.789 Giga Hz, achieving a compact form factor. The reflection coefficients at these frequencies are measured at -12.905 dB, -40.958 dB, and -38.336 dB respectively. This compact antenna supports multiple applications and spans various frequency bands including GSM 1800, Wi-MAX, Wi-Fi, 3G, 4G, as well as potential 5G networks. The suggested antenna design has dimensions of (60 x 30 x 1.6) mm, which translates to approximately 0.70 x 0.35 x 0.018 wavelengths at the center frequency (fc) of the lowest band.